Amaryllis belladonna, often called the “Naked Lady” or “Belladonna Lily,” originates from South Africa’s Cape Province. It produces clusters of fragrant, trumpet-shaped pink flowers on tall, leafless stems after its foliage dies back. The lush leaves appear in winter and spring, then disappear before flowering. This seasonal rhythm and striking floral display make it a captivating garden plant well-suited to Mediterranean or coastal climates.
| KEY PLANT INFORMATION | |
|---|---|
| Family: | Amaryllidaceae |
| Plant Type: | Bulbous perennial |
| Plant Colours: | Pink, white, rose. Green leaves. |
| Flowering period: | Late summer to autumn |
| Fragrance: | Sweetly scented |
| Mature Height: | 45–60 cm (18–24 in) |
| Light Requirements: | Full sun to partial shade |
| Water Requirements: | Low once established |
| Cold Hardiness: | -5°C (23°F) |
| Difficulty: | Easy to moderate |
Plant Type
Bulbous perennial
A bulbous perennial, Amaryllis belladonna grows from large, tunicate bulbs that store nutrients during dormancy. It enters a distinct growth cycle: leaves emerge in the cool season, die back in summer, and are followed by tall, naked stems topped with blooms. This adaptation suits regions with wet winters and dry summers, mirroring its native habitat. Once established, the bulbs naturalize beautifully and can form large flowering clumps over time.
Mature Height
45–60 cm (18–24 inches)
Mature plants typically reach 45–60 cm (18–24 inches) tall when in bloom, with flower stalks rising well above the ground. The glossy green leaves appear earlier in the year, growing to about 30–40 cm (12–16 inches) long before dying back in preparation for flowering. The tall, leafless stems provide an elegant vertical accent, while the large, funnel-shaped blooms form a striking focal point in late summer borders or containers.
Light Requirements
Full sun to partial shade
Amaryllis belladonna thrives in full sun but can tolerate partial shade, especially in hotter regions. For best flowering, it should receive at least six hours of direct light daily. Too much shade may reduce bloom production. In cooler climates, planting against a warm, sunny wall or slope helps replicate its native South African conditions. Good light exposure also ensures strong, upright stems and vibrant flower colour.
Water Requirements
Moderate, low when established
This species prefers well-draining soil and benefits from moisture during its leafy growth period in winter and spring. However, once the foliage dies back, watering should be significantly reduced or stopped altogether. Excess water in summer dormancy can cause bulb rot. Established plants are drought-tolerant and ideal for low-water gardens. Consistent watering during active growth and dryness during dormancy best mimic its native seasonal rainfall cycle.
Cold Hardiness
-5°C (23°F)
Amaryllis belladonna tolerates temperatures down to about -5°C (23°F). In mild coastal or Mediterranean climates, bulbs can remain in the ground year-round. In colder regions, they should be planted in sheltered spots or lifted and stored dry over winter. Frost protection with mulch helps in borderline climates. It performs best in USDA Zones 8–10, where winters are mild and summers are dry, echoing its South African origins.
Propagation tips
Propagation is best done by dividing offsets from mature bulbs after the foliage has died back. Carefully separate and replant the small bulbs at the same depth as the parent. Seed propagation is also possible but much slower, taking several years to flower. Bulbs prefer to be left undisturbed for best results, so choose permanent locations when planting. A sunny, well-drained site encourages healthy growth and abundant blooms over time.
