Asarum europaeum, commonly known as European wild ginger, is native to shaded forests of central and northern Europe. It forms a low, evergreen carpet of glossy, heart-shaped leaves that remain attractive year-round. In spring, it produces small, hidden purplish-brown flowers beneath the foliage. Its elegant texture and rich green color make it ideal for shady groundcover in woodland gardens or underplanting shrubs and trees.
| KEY PLANT INFORMATION | |
|---|---|
| Family: | Aristolochiaceae |
| Plant Type: | Evergreen perennial |
| Plant Colours: | Green leaves, purple flowers |
| Flowering period: | Spring |
| Fragrance: | Mild, earthy scent |
| Mature Height: | 10–15 cm (4–6 in) |
| Light Requirements: | Partial to full shade |
| Water Requirements: | Consistently moist soil |
| Cold Hardiness: | -30 °C / -22 °F |
| Difficult: | Easy to moderate |
Plant Type
Rhizomatous perennial
Asarum europaeum is a hardy, rhizomatous perennial herb prized for its evergreen foliage and excellent ground-covering ability. It spreads slowly via creeping rhizomes to form dense, weed-suppressing mats. The plant’s foliage remains tidy and decorative throughout the year, offering a refined alternative to more aggressive shade-loving groundcovers. It’s well-suited to cool, temperate regions.
Mature Height
10–15 cm tall (about 4–6 inches)
European wild ginger typically grows 10–15 cm tall (about 4–6 inches). While low-growing, its lush, overlapping leaves create a rich, glossy carpet that provides visual depth and texture. The plant’s spreading habit makes it perfect for edging shaded paths, filling spaces beneath ferns, or adding contrast to larger woodland perennials.
Light Requirements
Full shade – partial shade
Asarum europaeum thrives in deep to partial shade, mimicking its native woodland environment. It prefers dappled or filtered light beneath trees or shrubs and should be protected from direct afternoon sun, which can scorch its glossy leaves. In cooler climates, it tolerates more light, but shaded, moist conditions yield the best growth.
Water Requirements
Moderate
This species prefers consistently moist, humus-rich soil with good drainage. It dislikes drought and should not be allowed to dry out completely. Regular watering during warm periods helps maintain its glossy foliage. Mulching with leaf litter or compost retains soil moisture and mimics its natural forest floor habitat.
Cold Hardiness
-30°C (-22°F)
Asarum europaeum is very hardy, tolerating temperatures down to about -30°C (-22°F). It thrives in USDA Zones 4–8. Its evergreen foliage may brown slightly in severe winters but usually recovers quickly. In colder regions, a mulch layer helps insulate the rhizomes and maintain soil moisture through freezing periods.
Propagation tips
European wild ginger is best propagated by division in spring or early autumn. Carefully lift and separate rhizomes, ensuring each division has several leaves and healthy roots, then replant in moist, shaded soil. It can also grow from seed, though germination is slow. Regular division helps maintain vigor and coverage.
